Circuit Diagram

BASIC_ZERO_CROSSING_SWITCH_CIRCUIT

Published:2009/6/24 3:10:00 Author:Jessie

Here is the schematic of a solid-state ac relay with zero-crossing. The triac permits the relay to switch to ac directly.   (View)

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SIMPLE_LOGIC_PROBE_WITH_ALPHANUMERIC_DISPLAY

Published:2009/6/24 3:03:00 Author:May

A logic probe also includes BCD decoder module. The red LED lights to indicate a logic high, and the green LED lights to indicate a logic low. This probe circuit will light a green (low) or red (high), and if desired, an alphanumeric display can be obtained with two 7-segment LED displays.   (View)

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OSCILLATOR_TRIGGERED_SWITCH

Published:2009/6/24 3:09:00 Author:Jessie

In this circuit (the oscillator-triggered switch), the generated by an astable oscillator.   (View)

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NONINVERTING_AMPLIFIER_USING_SPLIT_SUPPLY

Published:2009/6/24 3:03:00 Author:May

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CURRENT_PROBE_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/6/24 3:02:00 Author:May

A clamp-on current probe, such as the Tektronix P6021, is a useful means of displaying current waveforms on an oscilloscope. A less-expensive and simple alternative is shown in the figure.The more sensitive range on the P6021 is 2 mA/mV, but it has a roll-off of 6-dB per octave below 450 Hz. The purpose of the compensator is to counteract the low-frequency attenuation, which is achieved by means of C3 and R4 + P1 in the feedback around op amp N1. It's important that the latter is a low-noise type, such as the LM725 shown in the figure. On top of that, it's necessary at some point to limit the increasing gain with decreasing frequency; otherwise, amplifier noise and drive will overcome the signal. The values shown for C3 and R3 give a lower limit of less than 1 Hz.A test square wave of ±1 mA is fed to the current probe so that P1 can be adjusted for minimum droop or overshoot in the output waveform. It's vital that the sliding core on the probe is fully closed. At high frequencies, the response begins to fall off at 100 kHz. Therefore, for most waveforms, switch S1 is moved to direct, above a fundamental frequency of, for example, 10 kHz.This circuit's current consumption is quite low, and it can be battery powered. If a mains power supply is built-in, it must be well screened to prevent hum problems.   (View)

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OP_AMP_AND_ANALOG_SWITCH_RON_COMPENSATOR

Published:2009/6/24 3:08:00 Author:Jessie

This switch is in series with feedback resistor to compensate gain.   (View)

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VARIABLE_VOLTAGE_REGULATOR_WITH_WIDE_RANGE_CURRENT_LIMITING

Published:2009/6/24 2:56:00 Author:May

In this circuit，R9 acts as a control to set current limiting。If R9＝0，limiting occurs at 47 mA．Input is 24 V， output isdepending on the setting of R6．   (View)

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POWER_OP_AMP

Published:2009/6/24 3:08:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit from Apex Microtechnology can deliver 180 V p－p＠90 kHz into a 4－Ωload．The PA04 can deliver 400－W RMS into an 8－Ω load with low THD at frequencies beyond 20 kHz.   (View)

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－100_Vdc_SUPPLY

Published:2009/6/24 1:42:00 Author:May

The combination Hartley oscillator/step-up transformer shown in A can generate significant negative high-voltage-especially if the voltage output of the transformer is multiplied by the circuit in Fig.69-5B. T1 is a small low-voltage filament transformer of around 4- to 10-Vac output, 120-V primary.   (View)

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AM_RADIO_POWER_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/6/24 3:08:00 Author:Jessie

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LOW_OUTPUT_IMPEDANCE_MULTIPLEXER

Published:2009/6/24 3:08:00 Author:Jessie

Both inputs are terminated in their characteristic impedance; 75Ω is typical for video applications. Because the output cables usually are terminated in their characteristic impedance, the gain is 0.5. Consequently, amplifiers U2A and U2B are configured in a gain of +2 to set the circuit gain at 1.R2 and R3 determine the amplifier gain; if a different gain is desired, R2 should be changed according to the equation G = (1 + R3/R2) R5, LCL1, and D1 make up an asymmetrical charge/discharge time circuit that configures U1 as a break-before-make switch to prevent both amplifiers from being ac-tive simultaneously. The multiplexer transition time is approximately 15μs with the component values shown.   (View)

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STEREO_AMPLIFIER_WITH_Av=200

Published:2009/6/24 3:08:00 Author:Jessie

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pH_PROBE_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/6/24 3:07:00 Author:Jessie

The low-noise precision FET op-amp AD795 has around 1014-Ω common-mode impedance, lowoffset voltage (250 μVmax) and L13 μVC drift make this device ideal for low-voltage measurements from high-impedance sources.   (View)

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10_W_POWER_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/6/24 3:07:00 Author:Jessie

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125_MHz_LOGIC_PROBE

Published:2009/6/24 3:06:00 Author:Jessie

This logic probe features either high-low (LED) indication or latching operation. When S1 closed, the indication of a pulse is latched and the red LED1 stays on. Piezoelectric buzzer BZ1 used as a beeper to sound that a logic high is preset.   (View)

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12_W_LOW－DISTORTION_POWER_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/6/24 3:06:00 Author:Jessie

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STEPPER_MOTOR_ENCODER_CIRCUIT

Published:2009/6/24 3:00:00 Author:May

This circuit translates shaft rotation and direction to a readout on an LED display. A stepper motor is used as an encoder.   (View)

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ADJUSTABLE_BIAS_REGULATOR

Published:2009/6/24 2:59:00 Author:May

If the wiper of R2 is set at N% rotation，the bias voltage Will be∶This method derives a bias voltage that tracks VBE of this bias transistor. If the bias transistor is thermally linked to the power stage, tracking over a wide temperature range will result.   (View)

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STEPPER_MOTOR_AS_SHAFT_ENCODER

Published:2009/6/24 2:59:00 Author:May

To use a stepper as a shaft encoder, the out-put signals must be converted to square waves with a pair of voltage comparators.   (View)

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STEPPER_MOTOR_PULSE_GENERATOR

Published:2009/6/24 2:59:00 Author:May

When the switch is in its normally closed (NC) position, capacitors C1 and C2 are held discharged by diodes Dl and D2. Switching off transistor Q1 inhibits the voltage-controlled oscillator of the PLL. The two inputs and, hence, the output of the EX-OR gate (phase comparator 1) ofthe PLL remain at the logic 0 level.When the pushbutton is pressed, C1 and C2 are allowed to charge via resistors R1 and R2. The VCO is enabled only after a time delay (≈0.5 second) set by R1, R3, and C1. During this delay period, the EX-OR gate output follows the logic level at the switch output. As a result, one-shot pulses can be generated by pressing the pushbutton, then releasing it within 0.5 second. R5 provides the switch-debouncing function.If the pushbutton is pressed for more than 0.5 second, the VCO is enabled. The rising voltage at the control input (pin 9) causes a linear increase in VCO frequency and thus accelerates the step-per motor. Releasing the pushbutton discharges C1 and C2 and inhibits the VCO.   (View)

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