Circuit Diagram

Signal_line_circuit_protectors_fault_protected_switches

Published:2009/7/23 22:28:00 Author:Jessie

Figures 2-34 and 2-35 show a typical application circuit and pin configuration, respectively, for the MAX366. Pin configurations for the MAX337 are shown in Fig.2-36. These ICs are multiple, two-terminal circuit protectors. Placed in series with signal lines, each two-terminal device protects sensitive circuit components from damaging voltage near and beyond the normal supply range. The ICs are used at interfaces where sensitive circuits connect to the external world, and potentially damaging voltage (up to 135 V beyond the supply rails) might be encountered during power-up, power-down, or fault conditions. The ICs can be used to protect either analog or digital signals using unipolar (5 V to 44 V) or bipolar (±5 V to±22 V) supplies. The ICs are essentially fault-protected switches that are always on when power is applied. On resistance is 100Ω (max.), and leakage is less than 1nA at +25℃. When signal voltages exceed, or are within 1.5 V of the supply voltages, or when power, is off, the two-terminal resistance increases and becomes a virtual open circuit. This ensures low current during fault conditions. The protected side of the switch maintains the correct polarity and clamps about 1.5 V below the supply rail. There are no glitches or polarity reversals going into or coming out of a fault condition. ESD (electrostatic discharge) protection is greater than 2 kV.MAXIM NEW RELEASES DATA Book, 1995, P. 1-109, 1-110.   (View)

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PLL_IF_AND_DEMODULATOR

Published:2009/7/3 4:40:00 Author:May

Signetics NE563B IC(In dashed lin es)serves as completeIF amplifier and demodulator for FM broadcastrecelver, Circuit uses downconversion from 10.7 MHz to 900 kHz, where phase detector operates. Ceramic bandpass filter provides IF selectivity at 10.7 MHz. X1 can be 9.8-MHz ceramic resonator, LC network, crystal, or capacitor.-H. Olson, FM Detectors, Ham Radio, June 1976, p22-29.   (View)

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ADAPTIVE_REFRESH

Published:2009/7/3 4:36:00 Author:May

Circuit monitors system utilization of National MM2464 64-kilobit charge-coupled device (CCD). Refresh time and maximum page times are determined by two counters that obtain clock signals from temperature-controlled oscillator.- Memory Applications Handbook, National Semiconductor, Santa Clara, CA, 1978, p 7-1-7-10.   (View)

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195_KC_SONAR_F_M_DEMODULATOR

Published:2009/7/23 22:28:00 Author:Jessie

Used in playback of active sonar f-m signals multiplexed onto one track of magnetic tape, for training students at land-based sonar. Bandpass fiber at input demodulator selects band of frequencies associated with desired f-m terrier. Output from filter is amplified and dipped for switching demodulator, whose output is varying component of average modulating signal current.-M. H. Damon, Jr., Tape Target Classifier Trains Sonar Operators, Electronics, 33:13, p 65-69.   (View)

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Basic_step_up_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:28:00 Author:Jessie

Figures 4-2A and 4-2B show a basic step-up voltage regulator, and waveforms, respectively. Component values are tailored to circuit requirements, as follows: where: IA feedback divider current (typically 50 to 100 μA)where: Vs =supply voltage, VD= diode forward voltage, IL= dc load current, VSW= sauration voltage of Q 1 (typical 0.5 V), If IMAX is more than 375 mA, Q1 must be replaced with a power transistor.   (View)

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SUMMING_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/7/3 4:34:00 Author:May

This circuit uses a CA3193 BiMOS op amp.Because mput nolse of the amplifier is increased by RF/R1//R2//R3,nd the gam that a single input will amplify is the gam of only one of the input channels （RF/R1）,for good noise performance,use the smallest number of inputs.   (View)

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Simple_RS_232_receiver

Published:2009/7/23 22:27:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit shows a simple way to build a battery-powered RS-232 receiver. The input voltage can be driven as much as ±30 V without adverse effects because the 100-kΩ resistor prevents device damage. With a 1-MΩ RSET resistor at pin 12, the LTC1045 draws only 100 μA of quiescent current, and has a propagation delay of 1.2 μs. Only a single 5-V supply is required.   (View)

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POLARITY_REVERSING_LOW_POWER_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/7/3 4:33:00 Author:May

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QUADRATURE_DEMODULATOR

Published:2009/7/3 4:32:00 Author:May

Quadrature coil associated with balanced-mixer demodulation system is connected to pin 6 of National LM373 IC, and output signal is taken from pin 7.Good output is obtained with only ±5 kHz deviation at either 455 kHz or 10.7 MHz. Can be operated as wideband or narrow-band circuit by choosing appropriate interstage and output LC and RC components.-E. M. Noll, Linear IC Principles, Experiments, and Projects, Howard W. Sams, Indianapolis, IN, 1974, p 350-351.   (View)

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FET_SUPPLIES_CONSTANT_CURRENT

Published:2009/7/23 22:27:00 Author:Jessie

Utilizes near-zero temperature drift of fet at bias point, to make performance independent of battery or line voltage fluctuations.-E. Elad, FET Insures Stable Sawtooth Wave, Electronics, 39:16, p 122-123.   (View)

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WAVE_SYNTHESlZER

Published:2009/7/3 4:31:00 Author:May

Virtually any symmetrical waveform can be generated by using only IC counters, a read-only memory, and a monolithic D/A converter. Only first 90 °of waveform need be digitized; this information can be manipulated to generate other 270 °and repeated as often as necessary. To digitize desired wave form, divide first 9O °into 64 points, calculate sine or other function for each, multiply each result by 63 to normalize, round off, convert each to 6-bit binary equivalent, take complements, and use results for programming ROM.Article describes operation of circuit in detail.Use of MC1480 8-b'ffi monolithic D/A converter gives better resolution than is possible with MC1406L 6-bit D/A converter because 8-bit words give 256 discrete output levels instead of 64.-K. Huehne, Programmable ROMs Offer a Digital Approach to Waveform Synthesis, EDN Magazine, Aug. 1, 1972. p 38-41.   (View)

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High_input_impedance_instrumentation_amplifier

Published:2009/7/23 22:27:00 Author:Jessie

Compare this circuit to that of Fig，10-38 and 10-49.   (View)

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WIDE_BAND_AGC_AMPLIFIER

Published:2009/7/3 4:31:00 Author:May

The NE592 is connected in conjunction with a MC1496 balanced modulator to form an excellent auto-matic gain control system. The signal is fed to the signal input of the MC1496 and rc-coupled to the NE592. Unbalancing the carrier input of the MC1496 causes the signal to pass through unattenuated. Rec-tifying and filtering one of the NE592 outputs produces a dc signal which is proportional to the ac signal amplitude. After ftltering, this control signal is applied to the MC1496, causing its gain to change.   (View)

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LINEAR_BOOTSTRAP

Published:2009/7/23 22:27:00 Author:Jessie

Charging current of C1 is kept constant, resulting in high linearity of ramp output. Positive-going square wave is on collector of Q8 while ramp is being generated.-D. A Williams Jr., Transistors Ruggedize Airborne Telemetry Keyer, Electronics, 31:37, p 81-83.   (View)

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STEP_UP_SWITCHING_REGULATOR_FOR_6_V_BATTERY

Published:2009/7/3 4:27:00 Author:May

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Isolated_data_acquisition_system

Published:2009/7/23 22:27:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit shows an 8-input LTC1090 data-acquisition IC connected to a system with 500-V isolation (provided by 4N28 opto-isolators). The number of channels can be increased to 16, 24, 32, etc, with one additional opto-isolator used to increase the number of channels in multiples of 8. Up to 24 channels can be powered directly by the LT1021. The circuit is capable of transferring serial data at about a 15-kHz rate. A code written for the Motorola 68HC05 processor is available from Linear Technology.   (View)

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SIGLE_TUNED_DETECTOR

Published:2009/7/3 4:27:00 Author:May

RCA CA3089E IC serves as communication receiver subsystem providing three-stage FM IF amplifier/limiter channel, with signal-level detectors for each stage, and quadrature detector that can be used with single-tuned detector coil. Detector also supplies drive to AFC amplifier whose output can be used to hold local oscillator orl correct frequency. Level-detector stages supply signal for tuning meter. Values shown are for 10.7-MHz IF.-E. M. Noll, Linear IC Principles, Experiments, and Projects, Howard W. Sams, Indianapolis, IN, 1974, P 374-379   (View)

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UJT_TIMER

Published:2009/7/23 22:26:00 Author:Jessie

Charging current of C1 should be greater than 2Gmicroamp peak-point current at which Q3 is triggered and less thon 8-ma sustaining current of Q3, so ujt will turn off after it is triggered. 2N2422A may be used for Q3.-A. A. Lampell, Off-the-Shelf Integrated Circuits for Versatile and Accurato Timer, Electronics, 38:25, p 70-73.   (View)

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A_LITHIUM_BATTERY’S_STATE_OF_CHARGE_INDICATOR

Published:2009/7/3 4:26:00 Author:May

State-ofiCharge indication of a sloping-voltage discharge can be used as a state-of-charge indicator. A typical voltage comparator circuit that gives a visual indication of state-of-charge is shown. Components identified are for a 4-cell input voltage of 9.6 to 5.2 volts.   (View)

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Double-barreled double-block circuit diagram

Published:2011/8/1 21:20:00 Author:Ecco | Keyword: Double-barreled , double-block

The main transistor with resistance is a kind of small power tube, which is used as the electronic switch or inverter in household appliances and other electronic devices. Some band-stop tubes contain two transistors and lead 5-6 feet (dual-barreled dual-resistance model, it is shown in Figure)   (View)

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