Circuit Diagram

AIR_PRESSURE_CHANGE_DETECTOR

Published:2009/7/10 4:15:00 Author:May

A piezoelectric detector (BZ1) is used in this circuit to detect a change in air pressure. BZ1 produces a voltage that is amplified by U1A and UlB. Frequency response is limited to low frequencies. The signal is rectified by D1 and D2 and drives Q1, which activates BZ2, a piezoelectric buzzer.   (View)

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SENSITIVE_CONTINUITY_CHECKER

Published:2009/7/10 4:14:00 Author:May

This continuity checker (built around an LM339 quad comparator with open-collector outputs) elimi-nates false readings because of coils or low-resistance devices in a circuit. U1 is a comparator that acts as a sensing amplifier for the bridge circuit (R1 and D1, R3 and the unknown resistance, RX that is connected across the test leads. When RX is less than this predetermined value (by the setting of R1), the LED lights and BZ1 sounds.   (View)

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SQUARE_WAVE_ASTABLE_CIRCUIT

Published:2009/7/10 4:12:00 Author:May

This 555 circuit produces a square wave. The frequency depends on the values of RT and CT, as per the design equations.   (View)

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Precision_electronic_thermometer

Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit shows how a voltage reference can be combined with an op amp to create an electronic thermometer (with±5% accuracy). To calibrate, measure the voltage at pin 3 of REF-02, and the ambient room temperature (TA in℃). Then find X as follows: selected from table in Fig. 12-8. Then, turn off the power, short pin 6 (VO) of REF-02 to ground, apply exactly 100.00 mV to the op-amp output (pin 6 of OP-07), and adjust RB2 so that VB= X. Now, remove the short and the 100-mV source, reapply circuit power, and adjust RP so that the op-amp output voltage equals (TA) (,S). The system is now calibrated. For remote sensor applications, a 1.5-kΩ resistor (RS) must be connected in series with pin 6 of REF-02. This isolates REF-02 from cable capacitances. Use low temperature coefficient metal-film resistors for RA, RB, and RC Raytheon Linear integrated Circuits, 1989 p. 8-16   (View)

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Inverting_unity_gain_high_slew_rate_circuit_using_an_ECG915_operational_amplifier_

Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie

Inverting unity-gain high-slew-rate circuit using an ECG915 operational amplifier (courtesy GTE Sylvania Incorporated).   (View)

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FOLDBACK_CURRENT_LIMITING

Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie

Reduces short-circuit output current of National LM125 dual tracking regulator sections to fraction of full-load output current, avoiding need for larger heatsink. Programmable current source is used to give constant voltage drop across R5 for negative regulator. Simple resistor divider serves same purpose for positive regulator. Design examples are given.-T. Smathers and N. Sevastopoulos, LM125/LM126/LM127 Precision Dual Tracking Regulators, National Semi-conductor, Santa Clara, CA, 1974, AN-82, p7.   (View)

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PEAK_DETECTOR_1

Published:2009/7/10 4:12:00 Author:May

An analog signal requires about 100 ns to prop-OUTPUT agate through the HA-5320. For time-varying signals, this assures a voltage difference between input and output. Also, the voltage changes polarity when the signal slope changes polarity (passes a peak). This behavior makes the circuit a possible sample/hold peak detector, by adding a comparator to detect the polarity changes. The exclusive NOR gate allows a reset function which forces the HA-5320 to the sample mode. The connections shown detect positive peaks; the comparator inputs can be reversed to detect negative peaks. Also, the offset must be introduced to provide enough step in voltage to trip the comparator after passing a peak. This circuit works well from below 100 Hz up to the frequency at which slew-rate limiting occurs. It captures the amplitude of voltage pulses, provided that the pulse duration is sufftcient to slew to the top of the pulse.   (View)

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JFET_WITH_AC_COUPLING

Published:2009/7/10 4:11:00 Author:May

Connection shown gives very high voltage gain. Use of C1 as Miller integrator or capacitance multiplier allows simple circuit to handle very long time constant.- FET Databook, National Semiconductor, Santa Clara, CA, 1977, p 6-26-6-36.   (View)

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HIGH_GAIN_CURRENT_SENSOR

Published:2009/7/10 4:11:00 Author:May

A high-gain amplifter using a UA741 is used to sense relative voltage drop in a conductor, and therefore current in the conductor. R2 can be increased to 10 MΩ for increased sensitivity. LEDt and LED2 provide polarity indication. This circuit can be used to detect current flowing in a PC board trace, and also for locating shorts and opens.   (View)

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12_22_Mc_VOLTAGE_CONTROLLED_OSCILLA_TOR

Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie

Voltage-variable capacitor tunes tunnel-diode oscillator electronically.- Transistor Manual, Seventh Edition, General Electric Co., 1964, p 350.   (View)

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Noninverting_op_amp_using_an_AD510_8_pin_TO99_

Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie

Noninverting op amp using an AD510 8-pin TO99 (courtesy Analog Devices, Inc.).   (View)

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MECHANICAL_COUNTER_DRIVE

Published:2009/7/19 21:37:00 Author:Jessie

Takes output from scale-of-64 circuit and converts to 40-millisec square-wave pulse by means of complementary mvbr, to drive coil of mechanical register, once for every 64 pulses from G –M tube,-F, E. Armstrong, Battery Powered Portable scaler Electronic, 33:19 74-75.   (View)

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Inverting_amplifier_using_half_of_an_ECG947_dual_operational_amplifier

Published:2009/7/19 21:37:00 Author:Jessie

Inverting amplifier using half of an ECG947 dual operational amplifier. The ECG947 is short-circuit protected and requires no external components for frequency compensation (courtesy GTE Sylvania Incorporated).   (View)

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3_260_MC_TUNNEL_DIODE_OSCILLATOR

Published:2009/7/19 21:37:00 Author:Jessie

Uses plug-in coils to generate sine-wave output over wide frequency range.- Transistor Manual, Seventh Edition, General Electric Co., 1964, p 352.   (View)

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Op_amp_in_closed_loop_frequency_compensated_configuration_

Published:2009/7/19 21:36:00 Author:Jessie

Op amp in closed-loop frequency-compensated configuration (courtesy Motorola Semiconductor Products Inc.).   (View)

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±15V_TRACKING

Published:2009/7/19 21:36:00 Author:Jessie

Single NE/SE5554 dual tracking regulator is used with pass transistors to give higher output current than 200-mA limit for each section of regulator, with close-tolerance tracking.- Signetics Analog Data Manual, Signetics, Sunnyvale, CA, 1977, p 672-673.   (View)

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Compressor_expander_amplifiers_using_an_ECG947_dual_operational_amplifier

Published:2009/7/19 21:35:00 Author:Jessie

Compressor/expander amplifiers using an ECG947 dual operational amplifier. The ECG947 is short-circuit protected and requires no external components for frequency compensation (courtesy GTE Sylvania Incorporated).   (View)

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UNSTABILIZED_TUNNEL_DIODE

Published:2009/7/19 21:35:00 Author:Jessie

Simple but generally impractical because frequency varies greatly with supply voltage and waveform is poor, Frequency also varies with bias, from maximum of 2 Mc at 250 mv to 0.5 Mc at 80 mv and to 0.8 Mc of 400 mv. -Wen-Hsiung Ko, Designing Tunnel Diode Oscillators, Electronics, 34:6, p 68-72.   (View)

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SQUARE_WAVE_GENERATOR

Published:2009/7/10 4:10:00 Author:May

This relaxation oscillator circuit uses diodes to produce charge and discharge paths for C1. The duty cycle is set via R2 and the frequency via R4. C1 can be varied to vary the frequency ranae, which, for this circuit is approximately 300 to 3000 Hz.   (View)

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TUNNEL_DIODE_COINCIDENCE_CIRCUIT

Published:2009/7/19 21:35:00 Author:Jessie

Determines coincidence of pulses from scintillation counter within nanosecond limits, for high-energy physics experiments. Circuit has limited timing jitter, good temperature stability, and is insensitive to transistor parameters.-C. Infante and F. Pandarese, Tunnel Diodes Stabilize Coincidence Circuits, Electronics, 34：46, p 133-135.   (View)

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