Published:2009/7/10 4:15:00 Author:May
A piezoelectric detector (BZ1) is used in this circuit to detect a change in air pressure. BZ1 produces a voltage that is amplified by U1A and UlB. Frequency response is limited to low frequencies. The signal is rectified by D1 and D2 and drives Q1, which activates BZ2, a piezoelectric buzzer. (View)
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Published:2009/7/10 4:14:00 Author:May
This continuity checker (built around an LM339 quad comparator with open-collector outputs) elimi-nates false readings because of coils or low-resistance devices in a circuit.
U1 is a comparator that acts as a sensing amplifier for the bridge circuit (R1 and D1, R3 and the unknown resistance, RX that is connected across the test leads. When RX is less than this predetermined value (by the setting of R1), the LED lights and BZ1 sounds. (View)
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Published:2009/7/10 4:12:00 Author:May
This 555 circuit produces a square wave. The frequency depends on the values of RT and CT, as per the design equations. (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie
This circuit shows how a voltage reference can be combined with an op amp to create an electronic thermometer (with±5% accuracy). To calibrate, measure the voltage at pin 3 of REF-02, and the ambient room temperature (TA in℃). Then find X as follows:
selected from table in Fig. 12-8. Then, turn off the power, short pin 6 (VO) of REF-02 to ground, apply exactly 100.00 mV to the op-amp output (pin 6 of OP-07), and adjust RB2 so that VB= X. Now, remove the short and the 100-mV source, reapply circuit power, and adjust RP so that the op-amp output voltage equals (TA) (,S). The system is now calibrated. For remote sensor applications, a 1.5-kΩ resistor (RS) must be connected in series with pin 6 of REF-02. This isolates REF-02 from cable capacitances. Use low temperature coefficient metal-film resistors for RA, RB, and RC Raytheon Linear integrated Circuits, 1989 p. 8-16 (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie
Inverting unity-gain high-slew-rate circuit using an ECG915 operational amplifier (courtesy GTE Sylvania Incorporated). (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie
Reduces short-circuit output current of National LM125 dual tracking regulator sections to fraction of full-load output current, avoiding need for larger heatsink. Programmable current source is used to give constant voltage drop across R5 for negative regulator. Simple resistor divider serves same purpose for positive regulator. Design examples are given.-T. Smathers and N. Sevastopoulos, LM125/LM126/LM127 Precision Dual Tracking Regulators, National Semi-conductor, Santa Clara, CA, 1974, AN-82, p7. (View)
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Published:2009/7/10 4:12:00 Author:May
An analog signal requires about 100 ns to prop-OUTPUT agate through the HA-5320. For time-varying signals, this assures a voltage difference between input and output. Also, the voltage changes polarity when the signal slope changes polarity (passes a peak). This behavior makes the circuit a possible sample/hold peak detector, by adding a comparator to detect the polarity changes.
The exclusive NOR gate allows a reset function which forces the HA-5320 to the sample mode. The connections shown detect positive peaks; the comparator inputs can be reversed to detect negative peaks. Also, the offset must be introduced to provide enough step in voltage to trip the comparator after passing a peak. This circuit works well from below 100 Hz up to the frequency at which slew-rate limiting occurs. It captures the amplitude of voltage pulses, provided that the pulse duration is sufftcient to slew to the top of the pulse. (View)
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Published:2009/7/10 4:11:00 Author:May
Connection shown gives very high voltage gain. Use of C1 as Miller integrator or capacitance multiplier allows simple circuit to handle very long time constant.- FET Databook, National Semiconductor, Santa Clara, CA, 1977, p 6-26-6-36. (View)
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Published:2009/7/10 4:11:00 Author:May
A high-gain amplifter using a UA741 is used to sense relative voltage drop in a conductor, and therefore current in the conductor. R2 can be increased to 10 MΩ for increased sensitivity. LEDt and LED2 provide polarity indication. This circuit can be used to detect current flowing in a PC board trace, and also for locating shorts and opens. (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie
Voltage-variable capacitor tunes tunnel-diode oscillator electronically.- Transistor Manual, Seventh Edition, General Electric Co., 1964, p 350. (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:38:00 Author:Jessie
Noninverting op amp using an AD510 8-pin TO99 (courtesy Analog Devices, Inc.). (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:37:00 Author:Jessie
Takes output from scale-of-64 circuit and converts to 40-millisec square-wave pulse by means of complementary mvbr, to drive coil of mechanical register, once for every 64 pulses from G –M tube,-F, E. Armstrong, Battery Powered Portable scaler Electronic, 33:19 74-75. (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:37:00 Author:Jessie
Inverting amplifier using half of an ECG947 dual operational amplifier. The ECG947 is short-circuit protected and requires no external components for frequency compensation (courtesy GTE Sylvania Incorporated). (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:37:00 Author:Jessie
Uses plug-in coils to generate sine-wave output over wide frequency range.- Transistor Manual, Seventh Edition, General Electric Co., 1964, p 352. (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:36:00 Author:Jessie
Op amp in closed-loop frequency-compensated configuration (courtesy Motorola Semiconductor Products Inc.). (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:36:00 Author:Jessie
Single NE/SE5554 dual tracking regulator is used with pass transistors to give higher output current than 200-mA limit for each section of regulator, with close-tolerance tracking.- Signetics Analog Data Manual, Signetics, Sunnyvale, CA, 1977, p 672-673. (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:35:00 Author:Jessie
Compressor/expander amplifiers using an ECG947 dual operational amplifier. The ECG947 is short-circuit protected and requires no external components for frequency compensation (courtesy GTE Sylvania Incorporated). (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:35:00 Author:Jessie
Simple but generally impractical because frequency varies greatly with supply voltage and waveform is poor, Frequency also varies with bias, from maximum of 2 Mc at 250 mv to 0.5 Mc at 80 mv and to 0.8 Mc of 400 mv. -Wen-Hsiung Ko, Designing Tunnel Diode Oscillators, Electronics, 34:6, p 68-72. (View)
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Published:2009/7/10 4:10:00 Author:May
This relaxation oscillator circuit uses diodes to produce charge and discharge paths for C1. The duty cycle is set via R2 and the frequency via R4. C1 can be varied to vary the frequency ranae, which, for this circuit is approximately 300 to 3000 Hz. (View)
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Published:2009/7/19 21:35:00 Author:Jessie
Determines coincidence of pulses from scintillation counter within nanosecond limits, for high-energy physics experiments. Circuit has limited timing jitter, good temperature stability, and is insensitive to transistor parameters.-C. Infante and F. Pandarese, Tunnel Diodes Stabilize Coincidence Circuits, Electronics, 34:46, p 133-135. (View)
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