Published:2011/8/10 21:26:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Georg Gerads Inductor Unlike most comparable high-power switched-mode regulators, the design of the inductor is not critical with the Cuk Converter, since it conducts a continuous current instead of being switched. The Epcos type E42/21/20 core, which is made from N27 core material, is quite suitable, readily available and a real bargain at less than 7 pounds (including mount... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 21:21:00 Author:Phyllis
By Ton Giesberts In the three-part article for the ClariTy 2×300-W final amplifier, the various input and output filters were not described. In this article we remedy that situation. The circuits described here can also give excellent results when used with other designs. Extremely high currents at... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 20:55:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Georg Gerads The operating principle of the Cuk Converter avoids the need for particular exotic components. That means we can right away take the plunge with a heavy-duty dc converter, which is ideal for use with fluctuating energy sources such as solar systems. The Cuk Converter1 topology yields a theoretically infinite variety of currents and voltages. Consequently, all r... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 20:50:00 Author:Amy
Gerhard Nocker This simple robot, which responds to light and avoids obstacles, can be built without using a microcontroller, programmer or PC. The only ’special’ component in the circuit is a window discriminator (a fancy version of a window comparator). Resistors R1 and R2 in combina... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 20:24:00 Author:Phyllis
By Thomas Johann Seebeck Processing the values In a previous publication from our archive, ’Fast, Precise Thermometer’ (Eleklor Electronics January 1992), we already proposed a thermoelement application. In that circuit, the comparison point compensation was handled by discrete components. Today, the semiconductor industry supplies complete, dedicated converters in a chip. An exampl... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 3:22:00 Author:Phyllis
By Thomas Johann Seebeck Easy processing with the MAX6675 Design engineers like to use thermoelements when it comes to probing around in really wide temperature ranges. Modern integrated circuits are available that act as sensor interfaces to a microcontroller. The operation of thermoelements is b... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 2:10:00 Author:Phyllis
By Burkhard Kainka A PC-controlled receiver is very convenient, especially for DRM, since it makes it easy to locate your favorite stations. However, this advantage is lost if you have a manual preselector and must tune the antenna by hand: an automatic preselector is what you need! With a PLL-controlled receiver things are very simple. The PLL tuning voltage can be used simultaneou... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 2:01:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Georg Gerods Operation To understand how the converter works, you need to have a basic understanding of how inductors behave. When a dc voltage is applied to an inductor, the current increases linearly from an initial value of zero with a slope di/dt = U/L. When the voltage is switched off, the current decreases, again ... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:46:00 Author:Phyllis
By Ron Coates The ability to address this amount of space hinges on table pointers. There are three of these, TBLPTRU (Table Pointer Upper) only 5 bits of which are available, TBLPTRH (Table Pointer High) and TBLPTRL (Table Pointer Low). Together these are used to form a 21 -bit long address which can access up to two megabytes. In practice, with the (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:41:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Georg Gerods The topology of the Cuk converter was first published in the 1980s, but it is rarely encountered in practice even today. However, this circuit concept offers enticing advantages for many power supply applications. The Cuk converter is a capacitively coupled converter that generates an adjustable output voltage and current by periodically charging a capacitor. As the circuit (in i... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:37:00 Author:Phyllis
By Ron Coates The 18Fxx2 series of processors have either 16 k or 32 k of Flash ROM. However, each program instruction takes at least one word (i.e., two bytes) so in terms of the number of lines of program code you could wri... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:32:00 Author:Amy
Dimmer with a MOSFET Ton Giesberts This circuit shows that dimmers intended for use at mains voltage do not always have to contain a triac. Here, a MOSFET (BUZ41A, 500 V/4.5A) in a diode bridge is used to control the voltage across an incandescent bulb with pulse-width modulation (PWM). A useful PWM controller can be found elsewhere in this issue. The power supply voltage for driv... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:24:00 Author:Phyllis
By Burkhard Kainka The Blueberry Board For use in the lab the Blueberry Board (CY30703) with the CY27EE16 is particularly interesting. The double ’E’ in the part number gives away the fact that the chip contains an EEPROM. This has space to store 2 kbits for register contents and a further 16 kbits for general program use. No special hardware is necessary to program the device. The ... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:20:00 Author:Amy
Direction-Sensitive Light Barrier Robert Edlinger Model railway hobbyists who want to trigger train-controlled switching operations depending on the direction of travel often have things easy with systems such as Marklin HO or Miniclub Z gauge, since the corresponding switching track sections can be actuated individually in both directions. Things are different with other ... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:20:00 Author:Li xiao na
The measurement method for the ’load regulation’ is illustrated in Figure 1. The power supply under test is adjusted to one third of the maximum output voltage. This setting guarantees that the power supply and its variable load are used within their normal operating areas. The load consists of a static part to which, ... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:13:00 Author:Phyllis
By Burkhard Kainka The CY27EE16 (’One-PLL In-System Programmable Clock Generator with Individual 16K EEPROM’) is particularly interesting for low volume production applications or circuit development. The internal EEPROM does not need a special programmer; it can be programmed via the built-in l2C bus interface. Register contents can also be overwritten ’on the fly’ as above. A default con... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 1:01:00 Author:Phyllis
By Burkhard Kainka Quartz oscillators are the way to go when you need a precise, stable frequency source but what do you do when an application calls for a non-standard frequency? Custom-made crystals are an expensive option but now Cypress has come up with a cheaper alternative... The buzzword... (View)
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Published:2011/8/10 0:42:00 Author:Amy
Negative Auxiliary Voltage Ludwig Libertin Some circuits need a negative supply voltage that only has to supply a small current. Providing a separate transformer winding for this (possibly even with a rectifier and filter capacitor) would be a rather extravagant solution. It can also b... (View)
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Published:2011/8/9 22:55:00 Author:Amy
Attitude Sensor Bernd Oehlerking The circuit presented here (in two versions) uses a light barrier as a position sensor. In the first version (Figure 1), the light barrier consists of an LED (Dl) for the light source and a LDR (R2) for the receiver. The LDR is part of a CMOS oscillator that generates a di... (View)
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Published:2011/8/9 22:22:00 Author:Li xiao na
Outputs As already mentioned, it can be convenient to have several outputs available. Besides units with several adjustable outputs, there are also power supplies available with one or more fixed-voltage outputs in addition to a ’normal’ adjustable output. The fixed voltage is usually 5 V or 12 V. Most lab supplies nowadays are fitted with sockets that accept banana plugs. T... (View)
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