Published:2011/8/3 3:40:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Paul Goossens Structure Verilog source code is always organized using the same structure. It starts with the module declaration. This part of the code begins with the word ’module’. followed by a name, This is accompanied by a collection of inputs and outputs in brackets, separated by commas. The whole thing is terminated by a semicolon. This can be seen in lines 30-35 of our exa... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(946)
Published:2011/8/3 3:30:00 Author:Amy
By David Jewsbury Construction The PCB artwork is shown in Figure 2. The board has been designed to allow fitting in a metal tube. All the components are surface mounted (SMD), but assembly by hand is reasonably easy with a fine tipped soldering iron and tweezers. The parts are assembled on one side of a double sided 1.6-mm thick PCB. Connections are made be... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(1938)
Published:2011/8/3 3:20:00 Author:Amy
By David Jewsbury When it is required to make a measurement at a node of an RF circuit, connecting to the circuit using a normal oscilloscope probe, even on the x10 setting can change the behavior of the circuit. For those difficult cases, you need a special probe like the one described here. Any probe presents extra impedance for the circuit to drive, usually consisting of som... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(10824)
Published:2011/8/3 3:08:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Paul Goossens Following the description of the hardware in last month’s issue (Part 1), it’s now time to start working with the experimenter’s board. We assume that you have already installed the Altera software and read the tutorial. Designing digital circuits usually amounts to repeatedly breaking down the problem into s... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(343)
Published:2011/8/3 2:58:00 Author:Amy
By Hans Koerfer, Kolter Electronic Example project The data acquisition hardware can either be connected to one of the PC's ports or can take the form of an internal expansion card. Before we can start on a project it is of course necessary to install the acquisition hardware (whether it is a PCI card or a (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(1456)
Published:2011/8/3 2:55:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Ton Giesberts Power supply The supply voltages for the amplifier board are provided by a second printed circuit board. This board includes, among other things, the +5V and VN10 supplies, as well as fuses for the main supply voltages. It also supplies a delayed ’un-mute’ signal that prevents switch-on ’plopping’. To avoid creating an earth loop and prevent ripple currents from flo... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(339)
Published:2011/8/3 2:32:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Ton Giesberts Protection To protect the amplifier, the driver IC monitors the supply voltages and the currents through the transistors. The VPPSENSE input is used to monitor the main positive supply voltage for overvoltage and undervoltage; the VNNSENSE input is used in the same way for the main negative voltage. If the supply voltage is outside the allowable limits, the ... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(329)
Published:2011/8/3 2:24:00 Author:Amy
By Hans Koerfer, Kolter Electronic The field of measurement, control and process technology is now dominated in the professional arena by PC-based data acquisition cards. The spectrum of applications is covered by digital I/O cards, relay cards, A/D and D/A converter cards, as well as cards offering a combination of these features. The cards are available in a range of variants from a numbe... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(1237)
Published:2011/8/3 2:20:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Ton Giesberts Output filter Thanks to the high switching frequency, here it is only necessary to use a second-order filter with a relatively high corner frequency (resonant frequency 101 kHz). To dampen the Q factor of the filter, which is primarily important if no load is connected, a Zobel network is placed at the output, since otherwise resonance currents and ringing signals a... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(320)
Published:2011/8/3 2:00:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Ton Giesberts Modulator The modulator amplifies the signal from the input stage to the output level. It is the second part of the overall amplification, or better said, the actual gain stage. The processor provides a switching waveform that depends on the level and frequency of the signal. With no input signal, the average value of the switching frequency is approximately 700... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(305)
Published:2011/8/3 1:38:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Ton Giesberts This top-end amplifier proves that high power does not have to mean a large, heavy design. Although this amplifier is highly efficient (and thus compact), its specifications easily surpass those of quite a few conventional designs. If we’ve given you the idea that the fully assembled amplifier is as light as a feather, perhaps we should qualify our statement somewha... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(2206)
Published:2011/8/3 1:33:00 Author:Amy
By Dr. Thomas Scherer What else can LabVIEW do? Any program created using LabVIEW can be stored as a collection of Vis in an individual file which can then be run (within the development environment) with a doubleclick. There is also a compiler which can generate EXE or DLL files, protecting your ideas from being copied. For those hardy souls who want to integrate fragments of ... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(406)
Published:2011/8/3 1:31:00 Author:Phyllis
Also simulates microcontrollers! By David Daamen Schematic drawing, PCB designing and off you go testing the design. These days we do everything on a PC. Simulation programs have now reached a level of sophistication that includes co-simulation of a microcontroller in your design. Proteus VSM from Labcenter ... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(2021)
Published:2011/8/2 22:18:00 Author:Phyllis
By ralf Nolde Construction The circuit can be built on the single-sided circuit board. The PCB layout accepts conventional wire-ended components with some of them fitted to the underside (alternatively you can keep them all on the same side by fitting R5 over the top of D5/D6 and R6 under rectifier Bl). The (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(1179)
Published:2011/8/2 22:15:00 Author:Phyllis
By ralf Nolde Be seen even at standstill! As autumn approaches cyclists become more aware of safety and in particular their visibility to other road users. Dynamo lighting offers the cheapest running costs but has the disadvantage that when the wheels stop rolling the lights go out. This neat circuit stores energy while you are moving to keep the light shining even when you stop.
View full text | Comments | Reading(3227)
Published:2011/8/2 21:59:00 Author:Phyllis
A dazzling choice of devices…… Lots of semiconductor manufacturers also supply microcontrollers. The plethora of available versions and their increasing flexibility do not make it easy to find the right micro for your specific application. BUYERS GUIDE Comparing and weighting m... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(405)
Published:2011/8/2 21:45:00 Author:Phyllis
By Paul Goossens Construction The construction of the boards differs in a few ways from the usual method. In several places we have used standard components, which have to be surface mounted. The reason for this is that we’d rather not have any leads sticking out through the boards. This would result in a number of sharp points on the outside of the dice, which would damage your fur... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(509)
Published:2011/8/2 21:37:00 Author:Phyllis
By Paul Goossens Main PCB After these considerations we arrived at the circuits for the dice. At the hart of the circuit is IC1, a microcontroller by Atmel (Figure 1). We have used this type previously and have given a detailed description in past issues of Elektor Electronics. It therefore suffices just to mention that the software for this project can be freely do... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(899)
Published:2011/8/2 21:29:00 Author:Phyllis
By Paul Goossens Three-dimensional electronics Projects for electronic dice have previously appeared in Elektor Electronics. Different designs and shapes have found their way into the magazine, but one thing they had in common: they were all two-dimensional dice. But now that is about to change! Electronic dice are usually constructed on flat boards. To give the impression o... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(322)
Published:2011/8/2 3:15:00 Author:Li xiao na
Microchip Technology Inc. is located in Chandler, Arizona. It is professional to provide the microcontroller and analog semiconductors. The low-risk product development, lower total system cost and faster time are also provided by it. The high technology of this compa... (View)
View full text | Comments | Reading(537)
Pages:61/114 At 206162636465666768697071727374757677787980Under 20 |