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Index 55
BISTABLE RELAY DRIVER （3）
Published:2011/8/11 21:51:00 Author:Phyllis
By B. Chiron Switching by logic level (Figure 3) With Vcc = 5 V and Cde = 5 V the driver switches the relay to the ON position (10 ms pulse). When Cde returns to 0 V, the OFF state is switched on (20 ms pulse). Take into account that t... (View)
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Universal Mains Filter
Published:2011/8/11 21:35:00 Author:Amy
Ton Giesberts There are plenty of mains filters available, with or without sockets, with or without a switch, etc. In any case, this filter is very versatile as far as the maximum working current is concerned. It so happens that the footprint of the coil remains the same for different currents. Depen... (View)
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BISTABLE RELAY DRIVER （2）
Published:2011/8/11 21:29:00 Author:Phyllis
By B. Chiron What to take into account - To begin with, there’s the minimum drive signal length, which should not be confused with the relay’s energizing time. We’re looking at the time needed to make the relay change over to its new position and remain in that state. If this time is specified in the datasheets, it is usually called ’min. signal width’ or ’pulse length’. Lacking thi... (View)
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BISTABLE RELAY DRIVER （1）
Published:2011/8/11 21:17:00 Author:Phyllis
By B. Chiron Although bistable relays boast significant advantages, their use appears limited to niche applications, probably because their practical use requires just a tad more attention to design details than classic relays. Those days may be over soon with the introduction of a special driver IC from Quasinil (what... (View)
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EAR BOGGLE-Experience an auditory illusion
Published:2011/8/11 20:10:00 Author:Phyllis
By Rev. Thomas Scarborough This month we invite all fans of the ’kitchen table’ series to build a classic auditory illusion that has had psychologists and neuroscientists puzzled for decades. Although we’re presenting a mini project built from a handful of cheap parts, it will not fail to produce stunning effects and results. This article is of the ’zero-hardware / huge background’ ... (View)
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On-Train Radio Camera
Published:2011/8/11 2:29:00 Author:Amy
Bernd Oehlerking A radio camera on a model railway should transmit constantly while the train is moving and continue transmitting for o few minutes after the train stops. But if the train starts up again after a relatively long halt, imagery should be transmitted immediately. Consequently, the power source for the camera cannot be rechargeable batteries (since they take too long to charge),... (View)
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NiMH Charger for up to six Cells
Published:2011/8/11 2:20:00 Author:Amy
Paul Goossens It is impossible to imagine present day society without any batteries. Count the number of gadgets in your house that are powered from batteries, you v/ill be stunned by the number of batteries you will find. The majority of these devices use penlight batteries and if you’re a little e... (View)
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On/Off Button
Published:2011/8/11 1:56:00 Author:Amy
Ger Langezaal It features at least once in every Small Circuits collection: the 555 timer. In this simple circuit we give the chip a little more attention than usual (refer to ’The Eternal 555’ in the July/August 2004 issue). It is astonishing what can be built with a 555. Here at Eleklor Electronics we are... (View)
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Unusual LED Blinker
Published:2011/8/11 1:46:00 Author:Amy
Robert Edlinger This LED blinker manages with only a few components and is dimensioned to operate from an ac supply in the range of 4-16 V (6—24 V dc). As its current consumption is less than 1 mA, it’s also suitable for long-term battery-powered operation. It thus offers several advantages in various applications, compared with using the well-known 555 timer IC as an astabl... (View)
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I²C and SMBus
Published:2011/8/11 1:36:00 Author:Amy
Paul Goossens The l2C-bus has been dealt with before in Elektor Electronics. Most readers will know that this bus requires only two signals to communicate between, for example, a controller and one or more ICs in a circuit. We may also assume that it is well known that this bus was developed by Philips an... (View)
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ROOM THERMOMETER （2）
Published:2011/8/11 1:33:00 Author:Phyllis
By Gregor Kleine The sensor will be used at room temperatures so it is not necessary to display the complete temperature range. Table 1 shows that we only need to look at the least significant five bits at the output of the ADC if the displayed temperature range is limited from +5 G (0101 0000) t... (View)
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ROOM THERMOMETER （1）
Published:2011/8/11 1:14:00 Author:Phyllis
By Gregor Kleine Just add an A/D converter and a few discrete LEDs to this temperature sensor chip and you get a simple thermometer. This application builds an accurate and stable thermometer displaying room temperature with a resolution of 1 °C. The MAX6610 from MAXIM is a relative newcomer to the field ... (View)
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5 volts from the Mains
Published:2011/8/11 1:11:00 Author:Amy
Paul Goossens Sometimes we would like to hide certain equipment to prevent cluttering up our living room or any interior in general. A number of devices lend themselves to be built into a wall adapter. Think of a remote-control extender, for example. All these devices need a power supply and we would prefer to use the mains so that no external connections are required for the ... (View)
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BTX
Published:2011/8/10 22:36:00 Author:Amy
Karel Walraven What did you say BTX was again? Well, it’s just the successor of ATX! ATX is the collective term for the electrical and mechanical characteristics of the present generation of motherboards in your PC. There is now a new standard in its place, BTX (Balanced Technology extended Form Factor), with the mai... (View)
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Cuk Converter （4）
Published:2011/8/10 22:08:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Georg Gerads Construction and alignment A printed circuit board for a DC voltage converter in this power range requires a carefully designed layout (Figure 6), which usually has to be double-sided due to the necessary ground-plane area. The measurement amplifiers, control circuitry and power circuitry are clearly separated from each other, and ’sensitive’... (View)
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NOISE SUPPRESSION FILTERS - For ClariTy and other final amps （4）
Published:2011/8/10 21:53:00 Author:Phyllis
By Ton Giesberts Be sure to leave the windings leads long enough to allow them to be properly fitted to the circuit board. This will require a bit of ’cut and try’. The inductor is held reasonably firmly on the board by its four leads, but we recommend using a small sheet of plastic and plastic screw to secure it ... (View)
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NOISE SUPPRESSION FILTERS - For ClariTy and other final amps （3）
Published:2011/8/10 21:47:00 Author:Phyllis
By Ton Giesberts The filter also contains two robust varistors that provide additional protection against sporadic mains disturbances (transients), although they don’t protect against common-mode transients. Rl and R2 ensure that the capacitors are quickly discharged if no mains voltage is present (and ... (View)
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Cuk Converter （3）
Published:2011/8/10 21:44:00 Author:Li xiao na
By Georg Gerads Control loops For monitoring the currents and voltages in the power section and driving the switching transistors, we use a type 3526 IC. which is available from several manufacturers (including TI and ST). Although- this is a special-purpose IC. it is a well-proven industry standard and thus fairly ’.veil known. Detailed information for this IC is avail¬able... (View)
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Car Central-Locking System
Published:2011/8/10 21:41:00 Author:Amy
By Christian Vossen For a few pounds you can buy a kit from any automotive accessory shop that will allow your car to be fitted with a central-locking door system. Such a kit essentially comprises a number of motors. There is also a control unit that enables the whole system to function. Here we show an example of such a unit. There are 5-wire motors and 2-wire motors. The 5-wire ... (View)
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NOISE SUPPRESSION FILTERS - For ClariTy and other final amps （2）
Published:2011/8/10 21:32:00 Author:Phyllis
By Ton Giesberts The inductor uses a very small toroidal core with dimensions of 10 x 4 mm. It has two windings, each just a bit more than a single turn. In practice, this proves to be more than adequate (for our application). Two short (but sufficiently long) lengths of 0.5-mm diameter enamelled copper ... (View)
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