BATTERY_BACKUP

Published:2009/7/5 20:36:00 Author:May

Delivers 2.3 V to microprocessor memory automatically in event of supply failure, to prevent loss of data. On standby, batteries receive charge of about 20 mA through R3 and Q1. When power supply fails, Q1 isolates it from load and Q2, conducts to provide changeover to battery power. Standby switch (optional) permits defeating battery backup.-R.N. Bennett, 2.4-V Battery Backup Protects Microprocessor Memory, Electronics, Feb. 3, 1977, p 109; reprinted in Circuits for Electronics Engineers, Electronics, 1977, p 304.   (View)

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H_bridge_dc_motor_controller

Published:2009/7/23 22:55:00 Author:Jessie

Figure 7-2 shows a MAX620 driving an H-bridge switch that controls the direction of a +5-Vdc motor. By toggling between the forward and reverse inputs, each driver-output pair turns on the associated pair, which passes current through the motor, causing rotation in the desired direction. To prevent all four MOSFEEs from switching on at once, update the forward/reverse inputs before clocking CE low, and do not assert forward and reverse simultaneously. Do not use a supply that will cause the gate drive to exceed the absolute maximum gate-to-source voltage of the low-side switch. MAXIM NEW RELEASES DATA Book, 1992, P. 4-27.   (View)

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Linear_regulator_with_selectable_output

Published:2009/7/23 22:55:00 Author:Jessie

The output of this regulator can be set to any value between + 15 V and +50 V by means of voltage-divider resistors R1 and R2 (as shown by the equations). Connection information is shown in Fig. 7-3B.   (View)

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Dual_linear_regulator_with_balanced_output

Published:2009/7/23 22:55:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit converts 18 V to +30-V input into regulated ±15-V outputs. Note that a minimum of external components (two 10-μF capacitors) are needed to complete the circuit. Figure 7-3A shows the connection information for TO-66, TO-99, and 8-lead DIP packages.   (View)

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Ultra_low_power_FM_radio_receiver

Published:2009/7/23 22:23:00 Author:Jessie

The SL6655 shown in this circuit is a single－chip RF amplifier/mixer/oscillator/IF amplifier/detector,operating with a 0.95-to 5-V Supply at a typicalcurrent of 1 mA.Typical sensitivity is 250 nV, with atypical audio output of 12 mV(rms).The circuit can operate at frequencies up to 100 MHz. Circuit values for 50-MHz operation are shown.Typical surface-mount construction details areshown in Figs. 2-34B(ground plane),2-34C(copper track),and 2-34D(component overlay)(all 1:1).   (View)

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Buck_boost_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:35:00 Author:Jessie

A disadvantage of the standard step-up and stop-down circuits is the limitation of the input voltage range. For a step-up circuit (Fig. 4-2), the battery voltage must always be less than the programmed output voltage, and for a step-down circuit (Fig. 4-3), the battery voltage must always be greater than the output voltage. Figure 4-8 eliminates this disadvantage, and allows a battery voltage above the programmed output voltage to decay to well below the output voltage. The values of R2 and R3 are determined, as described for Fig. 4-2.   (View)

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Bootstrap_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:34:00 Author:Jessie

In this circuit, power to the IC is taken from the output voltage by connecting the +Vs pin and the top of R1 to the output voltage. Notice that the initial battery voltage must be greater than 3.0 V when the circuit is energized. If not, there will not be enough voltage at pin 5 to start the IC. The big advantage of this circuit is the ability to operate down to a discharged battery voltage of 1.0 V.The value of C1 is determined, as described for Fig. 4-2.   (View)

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ADAPTIVE_REFRESH

Published:2009/7/3 4:36:00 Author:May

Circuit monitors system utilization of National MM2464 64-kilobit charge-coupled device (CCD). Refresh time and maximum page times are determined by two counters that obtain clock signals from temperature-controlled oscillator.- Memory Applications Handbook, National Semiconductor, Santa Clara, CA, 1978, p 7-1-7-10.   (View)

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Basic_step_up_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:28:00 Author:Jessie

Figures 4-2A and 4-2B show a basic step-up voltage regulator, and waveforms, respectively. Component values are tailored to circuit requirements, as follows: where: IA feedback divider current (typically 50 to 100 μA)where: Vs =supply voltage, VD= diode forward voltage, IL= dc load current, VSW= sauration voltage of Q 1 (typical 0.5 V), If IMAX is more than 375 mA, Q1 must be replaced with a power transistor.   (View)

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FET_SUPPLIES_CONSTANT_CURRENT

Published:2009/7/23 22:27:00 Author:Jessie

Utilizes near-zero temperature drift of fet at bias point, to make performance independent of battery or line voltage fluctuations.-E. Elad, FET Insures Stable Sawtooth Wave, Electronics, 39:16, p 122-123.   (View)

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STEP_UP_SWITCHING_REGULATOR_FOR_6_V_BATTERY

Published:2009/7/3 4:27:00 Author:May

  (View)

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High_output_dual_tracking_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:48:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit provides balanced output voltage with a load regulation of 10mV at .5A.   (View)

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High_power_step_up_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:31:00 Author:Jessie

Figure 4-4 shows a step-up regulator for loads up to values are tailored to circuit requirements, as described for Fig. 4-2, except for R4 And R5, as shown.   (View)

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Basic_step_down_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:29:00 Author:Jessie

Figure 4-3 shows a basic step-down voltage regulator, where loads are from 500 mW to 2 W. Component values are tailored to circuit requirements, as described for Fig. 4-2, except as:.   (View)

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Positive_negative_dual_tracking_power_supply

Published:2009/7/23 22:40:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit uses the 4190 as a step-up regulator and the 4391 as an inverter. The supply is capable of delivering +45 mA (15 mA with regulation) until the battery decays below 5.0V. Output voltage ripple is under 100 mVpp at ± 15-V output.   (View)

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High_power_step_down_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:43:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit shows a stop-down regulator for loads up to 5 W. Notice that a minimum load of at least 1 mA must be connected when the circuit is energized.   (View)

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Basic_inverting_voltage_regulator

Published:2009/7/23 22:42:00 Author:Jessie

Figures 4-12A and 4-12B show a basic inverting voltage regulator and waveforms, respectively. The outputs are -5 or -15 V, using the values shown.Other outputs can be selected by changing R1 and R2. It may be necessary to change other circuit values. If high values of CF are used, a current-limiting protection circuit (Fig. 4- 12C) might be required.   (View)

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Battery_life_extender

Published:2009/7/23 22:33:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit extends the lifetime of a 9-V battery. The regulator remains in a quiescent state (drawing only 215 μA) until the battery voltage decays below 7.5 , at which time the circuit starts to switch and regulate the output at 7.0 V until the battery falls below 2.2 V. If this circuit is operated at a typical 80% efficiency with an output current of 10 mA, at 5.0-V battery voltage, the average input current is 17.5 mA.   (View)

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Step_down_voltage_regulator_for_inputs_greater_than_30_V

Published:2009/7/23 22:32:00 Author:Jessie

Component values are tailored to circuit requirements as described for Fig. 4-2. Adding the zener allows battery voltage to increase by the zener value. For example, if a 24-V zener is used, maximum battery voltage can go to 48 V.However, addition of the zener does not alter the maximum charge of supply. With a 24-V zener, the circuit stops when battery voltage drops below 24 V + 2.2 V= 26.2V.   (View)

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Step_down_regulator_with_short_circuit_protection

Published:2009/7/23 22:39:00 Author:Jessie

With this circuit, the low-battery detector (LBD) is connected to sense the output voltage, and shuts off the oscillator by forcing pin 2 low if the output voltage drops. Component values are tailored to circuit requirements, as described in Fig. 4-2, except: choose resistor values so that R5= R3 and R4= R2, and make R8 25 to 35 times higher than R3.   (View)

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