Analog Circuit

WHEATSTONE_BRIDGE

Published:2009/6/22 22:35:00 Author:May

This circuit can be used to measure resistances. R7 is calibrated and fitted with an indicator dial, Lhen: A frequency of 1 kHz for the audio oscillator is usually used.   (View)

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PULSED_DOUBLE_HETEROSTRUCTURE_LASER_DRIVER

Published:2009/6/22 22:34:00 Author:May

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IC_LASER_DIODE_DRIVER

Published:2009/6/22 22:33:00 Author:May

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MUSIC_ON_HOLD_BOX

Published:2009/6/22 22:28:00 Author:May

U1, an LS3404 melody chip is activated when hold S1 is pressed, which causes SCRI to con-cluct and hold the telephone line via T1, R1, and LED1. The voltage across R1 and LED1 is used to activate the melody chip. Q1 and Q2 form a restart circuit to keep the melody chip going during hold.   (View)

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LIGHT_BEAM_RECEIVER_AND_SOUND_EFFECTS_GENERATOR_FOR_LASER_PISTOLS

Published:2009/6/22 22:27:00 Author:May

Schematic diagram for light, beam amplifier and sound-effects generator (using a 555 timer IC and speaker). The light striking Q1 generates a siren-like sound.   (View)

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TELEPHONE_RINGER

Published:2009/6/22 22:10:00 Author:May

Using an AMI chip P/N S2561, this telephone ringer can be powered line. Audio output is about 50 mW when powered from a 10-V source.   (View)

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HIGH_CURRENT_DRIVE_CIRCUIT_FOR_SINGLE_HETEROSTRUCTURE_LASER_DIODES

Published:2009/6/22 18:01:00 Author:May

The transistor is operated in the avalanche mode. You might need to try several 2N2222 devices before finding one that oscillates. R2 is adjusted for optimum oscillation. This supply provides pulse of 10 to 20 amps at about 50 ns.   (View)

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SIMPLE_HARMONIC_DISTORTION_ANALYZER

Published:2009/6/22 17:54:00 Author:May

This simple circuit lets you accurately measure the total harmonic distortion(THD)using your true-RMS voltmeter.This THD circuit is somewhat different from the usual types: it can operate at the standard fre-quency of 1000 Hz, but it also is tunable from 970 Hz to 1030 Hz, and has an adjustable Q factor of 0.3 to over 50. Op-amp UI, a TLC272 CMOS unit, contains the two voltage-followers required to buffer the input to the bootstrapped twin-T notch filter. Tuning is accomplished by R1, R2, and R3, which are standard linear-taper slide pots ganged together by mounting them side-by-side and glu-ing their sliders together.The only other intportant construction hint is to use twisted pair at the cir-cuit's input and output.To calibrate the circuit, input a 1000-V RMS signal at 2000 Hz, set 51 to TEST, and adjust R7 for a reading of 0.99-V RMS on a true-RMS voltmeter at the output.To use the circuit, set 51 to TUNE, input a 1000-Hz sine-wave signal to the amplifier under test, and set the amplifier's output to the THD adapter and tune R1/R2/R3 for the lowest output signal.Then, set 51 to TEST and read the RMS voltage. To calculate the percent THD use:   (View)

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ANALOG_DE_GLITCH_CIRCUIT

Published:2009/6/19 5:13:00 Author:May

Low-frequency signals produced by transducers, measurement equipment, or data loggers often appear like the first waveform in the figure. The circuit shown operates as a tracking sample-hold, and the transients are replaced in the output by the stored value of the current signal at the instant of the transient. The input signal is buffered and inverted by ICla, and the differentiated result shown at 2 ap-plied to the inputs of two comparators IC2-a and IC?-b. VR1 and VR2 set levels to prevent false or unnecessary operation. Either comparator output triggers the mono IC3 from positive or negative signal transients. When IC3 has not been triggered, TRI and TR2 'p' channel JFETs are on, and IClb operateb as an integrator with a high leakage, and tracks the input signal. When the mono is trig-gered as at 3, TRI and TR2 turn off and the previous signal value is held constant, as shown at 4. The resulting output waveform can then be easily filtered to remove the harmonics from the restoring step at the end of the mono period, if needed. The criteria for successful operation are: t2 > t1 (mono period longer than glitch)t2/T small (to optimize output waveform) Signal bandwidth Signal phase The signal range is approximately ±5V, depending on the tfansient amplitude and polarity. The mono period shown is 100 mS, but this can be optimized in practical applications. The shorter the mono period in relation to the signal waveform, the better the quality of the result.   (View)

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VIDEO_dc_RESTORE_CIRCUIT_

Published:2009/6/19 4:58:00 Author:May

This circuit restores the black level of a monochrome composite video signal to 0 V at the beginning of every horizontal line. This circuit is also useful with CCD scanners to set the black level.   (View)

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SIMPLE_INVERTER

Published:2009/6/19 4:52:00 Author:May

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VIDEO_FADER

Published:2009/6/19 4:50:00 Author:May

Using two LT1228 transconductance amplifiers in front of a current feedback amplifier forms a video fader. The ratio of the set currents into pin 5 determines the ratio of the inputs at the output.   (View)

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1_kW_10_kHz_SINE_WAVE_INVERTER

Published:2009/6/19 4:49:00 Author:May

SCRs can produce considerable power at frequencies up to 30 kHz or more. This circuit can supply 1 kW at 10 kHz. The load is shown as an equivalent load, and practically this will be the primary of the transformer for isolation purposes. The power supply can be a 120-V bridge rectifier and filter combination.   (View)

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POSITIVE_TO_NEGATIVE_dc_dc_INVERTER

Published:2009/6/19 4:48:00 Author:May

If a source of negative 5 Vdc is needed and only a positive supply is available, this circuit can be used.   (View)

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TWO_INPUT_VIDEO_MULTIPLEX_CABLE_DRIVER

Published:2009/6/19 4:45:00 Author:May

CMOS logic levels select one of two video in-puts with this circuit. The op amps are Linear Technology LT1190s   (View)

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MULTIPLE_INPUT_VIDEO_MULTIPLEX_CABLE_DRIVER

Published:2009/6/19 4:44:00 Author:May

Using a Linear Technology LT1227, the mul-tiplex video amp uses logic levels to tum on and off selected inputs.   (View)

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TIMER_ac_LINE_INTERFACE

Published:2009/6/19 4:43:00 Author:May

This circuit illustrates the use of an optoisolator to enable the control of a triac connected to the ac line and load, while maintaining dc and ac isolation between the ac line and the timer circuit. A 555 or other timer circuit can be used.   (View)

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ac_INTEGRATOR

Published:2009/6/19 4:41:00 Author:May

This op-antp circuit can be used with a wide variety of op amps. The values of Rf and Ri depend on gain, but will be 1 kΩ to 1 MΩ in most cases. Cf depends on the pole frequency needed. U1 is a 741-type op amp, etc.   (View)

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SOIL_HEATER_FOR_PLANTS

Published:2009/6/19 4:41:00 Author:May

A TDA1024 electronic thermostat senses soil temperature via thermistor R6. The circuit uses zero-crossing switching of the heater. The heater is made of elastic-coated steel wire. P1 is used to set the temperature. The heater should have 2 Ω or more resistance and operate from the 9-V transformer. About 40W of heat is available.   (View)

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SIMPLE_INTEGRATOR

Published:2009/6/19 4:40:00 Author:May

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