Control Circuit

HIGH_SPEED_WARNING_DEVICE

Published:2009/6/24 4:11:00 Author:May

Al amplifies and regulates the signal from the spark coil. A2 converts frequency to vol-tage so that its output is a voltage proportional to engine rpm. A3 compares the tachometer voltage with the reference voltage and turns on the output transistor at the set speed. Amplifier A4 is used to generate an audible tone whenever the set speed is exceeded.   (View)

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OPERATING_WAVEFORMS

Published:2009/6/24 4:03:00 Author:May

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SPEED_WARNING_DEVICE

Published:2009/6/24 4:03:00 Author:May

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AF_POWER_OSCILLATOR

Published:2009/6/24 4:15:00 Author:Jessie

An LM386 audio power IC is set up as a feedback oscillator. Any supply from 6 to 12 V can be used. The circuit can drive a loudspeaker.   (View)

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SPEED_ALARM

Published:2009/6/24 4:00:00 Author:May

Pulses from the distributor points are pas-sed through a current limiting resistor, rec-tified, and clipped at 4.7 volts. Via Q1 and the diode pump, a dc voltage proportional to engine rpm is presented to RV1; the sharp transfer characteristic of a CM0S gate, assisted by feedback, is used to enable the oscillator formed by the remaining half of the 4011. At the pre-set speed, a nonignorable tone emits from the speaker, and disappears as soon as the speed drops by three or four mph.   (View)

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TEMPERATURE_CONTROLLER

Published:2009/6/24 3:51:00 Author:May

The temperature sensor/controller (the TMP-01) is a monolithic device whose low power allows it to operate with a simple half-wave rectified power supply directly from the ac line. Such an ar-rangement greatly simplifies the power-supply design requirement to the point of only needing a few low-cost components to provide a single +6-Vdc supply.The TMP-01 is essentially a therrrtostat on a chip. It includes a linear temperature sensor (5 mV/K), and also has two comparators that switch at externally determined set points. These set points are established by resistively dividing the internal 2.5-V reference to set appropriate voltages on the inputs to the comparators.One comparator is used in this circuit to turn on the heating element when the temperature drops below 30℃; it corresponds to a voltage of 1.52V on the comparator's input.   (View)

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COLPITTS_OSCILLATOR

Published:2009/6/24 4:07:00 Author:Jessie

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NE602_LOCAL_OSCILLATOR_CIRCUITS

Published:2009/6/24 4:05:00 Author:Jessie

Local oscillator circuits for the NE602.   (View)

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OPTICAL_SAFETY_CIRCUIT_SWITCHES

Published:2009/6/24 3:55:00 Author:Jessie

Use of two LDR devices replaces the two vide light sources for the LDR devices.   (View)

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OPTOISOLATOR_AND_OPTOCOUPLER_INTERFACE_CIRCUITS

Published:2009/6/24 3:51:00 Author:Jessie

A circuit for isolating a variable resistor is shown. An optoisolator that has an LED and a photo-conductive cell (or photoresistor) is used. The current through the LED controls its brightness, which in turn determines the resistance between terminals A and B. The LED current is set by the voltage of the dc power supply and the value of the two resistors (R1 and R2). The fixed resistor (R1) is used to limit the current to a maximum of 20 mA (when the resistance of the potentiometer, R2, is set to zero ohms), otherwise, the LED might burn out.   (View)

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OPTOCOUPLER_CIRCUITS

Published:2009/6/24 3:52:00 Author:Jessie

This circuit is a TTL-to-TTL isolator circuit. The driver circuit is an open-collector TTL inverter (U1). When the input is high, then the output of the inverter is low. Thus, when the input is high, the output of U1 grounds the cathode end of the LED and causes the LED to turn on.   (View)

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MOTOR_DIRECTION_CONTROL

Published:2009/6/24 3:32:00 Author:May

M1 is a small hobby dc motor.   (View)

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LOW_VOLTAGE_dc_MOTOR_SPEED_CONTROLLER

Published:2009/6/24 3:27:00 Author:May

This circuit varies the duty cycle, rather than the voltage. The two diodes control the positive and negative halves of the capacitor's charging cycle.   (View)

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ANALOG_SWITCH_CIRCUIT_1

Published:2009/6/24 3:24:00 Author:May

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SIMPLE_SWITCH_DEBOUNCER

Published:2009/6/24 3:23:00 Author:May

Pressing S1 discharges C1 through R1, causing Q1 to cut off, forcing the output high. Once C1 is discharged below the VBE (ON) of Q1, switch bounce will have no effect on the output.   (View)

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SWITCH_DEBOUNCERS

Published:2009/6/24 3:22:00 Author:May

These circuits will cure problems caused by switch-contact bounce. The one shown in Fig.88-21A provides you a positive output pulse, and the one shown in Fig. 88-21B provides you a neg-ative output pulse.   (View)

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ALTERNATING_ON_OFF_CONTROL

Published:2009/6/24 3:21:00 Author:May

When the switch is closed, it causes a change in the state of pins 1 through 8. This will provide a toggle flip-flop action.   (View)

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GEIGER_COUNTER

Published:2009/6/24 3:21:00 Author:May

An HV generator (IC1, IC2, Q1, T1, and associated components) power a G-M tube. A pulse from the GM tube is interfaced through Q2 and IC1 to pulse generator IC3, which drives a speaker.   (View)

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TRIAC_MOTOR_CONTROL_CIRCUIT

Published:2009/6/24 3:23:00 Author:Jessie

An SCR-controlled ac motor control circuit. This is a full-wave circuit and is best used when the load remains constant.   (View)

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SIMPLE_SWITCH_DEBOUNCER

Published:2009/6/24 3:23:00 Author:Jessie

Pressing S1 discharges C1 through R1, causing Q1 to cut off, forcing the output high. Once C1 is discharged below the VBE (ON) of Q1, switch bounce will have no effect on the output.   (View)

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