C2581

Anti-Cholecystokinin (26-33) (CCK-8) C2581 is produced in rabbit using as immunogen synthetic sulfated cholecystokinin (26-33) amide (sulfated CCK-8),conjugated to KLH.

Anti-Cholecystokinin (26-33) (CCK-8) C2581 specifically stains cholecystokinin (CCK)- and gastrin-containing cells in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of human stomach (neuroendocrine cells). Specific staining is inhibited with sulfated CCK-8 and with human gastrin I.

In radioimmunoassay, the antibody recognizes sulfated CCK-8. Cross-reactivity is observed with unsulfated CCK-8 and caerulein. Low cross-reactivity is observed with human gastrin I, CCK (30-33) and human Big Gastrin. No cross-reactivity is observed with pig vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).

Anti-CCK-8 may be used to detect CCK by immunohistochemistry in sections of formalin-fixed,paraffin-embedded gastrointestinal tissue, and in paraformaldehyde perfusion-fixed rat brain by RIA and dot blot immunoassay.Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a neuropeptide hormone and neurotransmitter widely distributed throughout the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and the central nervous system (CNS).^1,10 CCK, gastrin, secretin and vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) belong to the gastrointestinal hormone family.2 CCK is closely related to gastrin; both peptides share the same biologically active C-terminal pentapeptide. CCK exists as a larger precursor hormone, preproCCK (114 amino acids), from which several smaller fragments are derived, sharing a C-terminal tetrapeptide and a sulfated tyrosine residue. CCK-33, a 33-residue peptide amide fragment, has been isolated from intestinal extracts.3 Sulfated CCK (26-33) amide (CCK-8) is the major and the most potent CCK form in the brain and periphery.^1,2,4 CCK stimulates enzyme secretion from the pancreas, gall bladder contraction,and intestinal motility and it inhibits gastrin-induced acid secretion.^2,4,5 The physiological roles of CCK in the CNS are not completely understood. CCK may be involved in several physiological and behavioral functions such as satiety, anxiety, memory processes,and analgesia and in disorders such as panic disorder.^6-8 CCK is anxiogenic, its effect being antagonized by anxiolytic drugs. In the CNS, CCK acts as a neurotransmitter and modulates the action of other neurotransmitters such as dopamine, 5-HT, GABA and excitatory amino acids. CCK is stored with dopamine in the limbic, but not the nigrostriatal, dopaminergic pathway.⁹ CCK is widely distributed in several brain regions, including the cerebral cortex, hippocampus, amygdala nuclei, and the hypothalamus.^1,10 In the periphery, CCK is localized mainly in nerve fibers in the myenteric and submucosal ganglia, as well as in endocrine cells of the gastrointestinal tract.^5,10 The multiple biological actions of CCK are mediated by two classes of receptors, the peripheral/brain CCK-A receptors and the brain CCK-B receptors.^11,12 Antibodies that react specifically with CCK are useful for the study of the mode of action, differential tissue expression and intracellular and subcellular localization of CCK in the CNS and periphery as well as in neuroendocrine cells of the digestive system.