Published:2009/6/19 1:59:00 Author:May
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Published:2009/6/19 1:58:00 Author:May
An inexpensive filter can be made from microprocessor crystals. This filter has 700 Hz BW (3 dB) and has a flat response (<1 dB) for about 400 to 500 Hz. Although a 3-MHz crystal was used, any frequency from 2 to 15 MHz (using fundamental crystal) should work, with appropriate scaling of components. Crystal resonant frequencies should match within 20% and preferably 10% of expected bandwidth (which is narrower as Cx increases. Impedance is reduced with wider bandwidths. (View)
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Published:2009/6/19 1:57:00 Author:May
The classic state variable two-integrator filter is known for its insensitivity to component varia-tions, and its ability to provide three separate simultaneous outputs-low pass, high pass, and bandpass.Typically, a quad op amp is used to implement the state-variable filter. The classic configuration uses two integrating amplifiers, a filter input amplifier, and a filter feedback amplifier.The design described here combines both input and feedback amplifiers into one adder/subtrac-tor amplifier, achieving a three op-amp filter design (see the figure). (View)
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Published:2009/6/19 1:55:00 Author:May
Desirable second-order voltage-controlled low-pass filter response can be achieved with this voltage-controlled filter (A). By using low-distortion, wide-bandwidth multipliers, it achieves higher cutoff frequencies than sv(itched-capacitor filters. If the circuit's RC network has a time constant less than 200 ns, it should be replaced by a lag compensator network (B). (View)
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Published:2009/6/19 1:54:00 Author:May
This high-pass filter will attenuate AM stations by 40 dB. Its low-frequency cutoff is about 2.2 MHz. This filter is useful for SW listening in areas of high AM radio signal strength. (View)
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Published:2009/6/19 1:52:00 Author:May
In this circuit, (View)
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Published:2009/6/19 1:50:00 Author:May
R3 and R4 set the circuit galn (View)
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Published:2009/6/19 1:49:00 Author:May
The state variable filter shown consists of only three op amps and a few passive components. It provides several key features. These include the ability to simultaneously provide low-pass, high-pass, and bandpass filter functions, and adjust bandwidth in a wide range by changing the values of Cf and Rf. The device also is easy to tune and simple to congtruct, while the quality factor (Q) of each filter is independent of each other. (View)
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Published:2009/6/18 2:59:00 Author:May
A high-performance passive filter. The center frequency is 700 Hz; -3-dB bandwidth is 200 Hz. (View)
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Published:2009/6/18 2:29:00 Author:May
A 40673 dual-gate MOSFET is matched to a crystal filter at 45 MHz. The filter impedance is around 2kΩ. The + 4-V source can be made variable for gain control (about +4 to -4V.) (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:29:00 Author:May
The Wien-bridge based filter has a variable bandwidth and a center frequency of 900 Hz. The circuit will oscillate if the 10-kΩ pot is set too low. (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:27:00 Author:May
The input signal is rectified by D1 and D2 Op amp U1-a,and fed to output amp U2 R8 is set for correct circuit calibration. (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:19:00 Author:May
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Published:2009/6/16 21:19:00 Author:May
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Published:2009/6/16 21:18:00 Author:May
The LMF380 switched audio filter by National Semiconductor is used here to obtain a third-oc-tave filter set that covers the entire audio range. (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:14:00 Author:May
This filter uses five 455-kHz ceramic resonators. The impedance is 330Ω, the bandwidth is 800 Hz, and the ultimate rejection ≥60dB. The ceramic resonators could be replaced by crystals. (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:13:00 Author:May
The low-pass Sallen-Key filter is staple for designers because it contains few components (A).By redesigning the filter, a current to voltage conversion can be avoided when the input signal to be filtered is in current form (B). (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:12:00 Author:May
This simple filter uses an RC section for a filter element, with a voltage follower for other frequencies f3 dB = 1/6.28 R1C1 Response drops 6 dB/octave above f3 dB. (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:11:00 Author:May
This circuit uses equal value capacitors, The cutoff frequency (fc) is (View)
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Published:2009/6/16 21:10:00 Author:May
This filter circuit uses equal value components and is shown for 1500Hz.The values can be scaled for other frequencies.R=R1R2=2R1C=C1=C2 (View)
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